Kumu o Oligo Synthesizer
Ma nā kahua o ka molecular biology a me ka noiʻi genetics, hiki i ka hiki ke synthesize DNA ke kuleana koʻikoʻi.Hoʻopili ka DNA synthesis i ka hana ʻana o nā molekala DNA ma o ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā nucleotides i kahi ʻano kikoʻī.No ka hoʻokō ʻana i kēia, hilinaʻi nā ʻepekema i kahi mea hana ikaika i ʻike ʻia he oligonucleotide synthesizer, ʻike ʻia hoʻi he DNA synthesizer.
ʻO ka oligonucleotide synthesizer kahi mea hana maʻalahi e hoʻopili maʻalahi i nā molekole DNA pōkole i kapa ʻia ʻo oligonucleotides.ʻO kēia mau kaula pōkole o DNA he 10 a 100 mau nucleotides ka lōʻihi a he mau poloka hale koʻikoʻi i nā ʻano noi like ʻole me ka polymerase chain reaction (PCR), gene synthesis, genetic engineering, a me DNA sequencing.
Hoʻohana ka Oligonucleotide synthesizer ma ke kumu o kahi ʻenehana i ʻike ʻiahoʻo·hui paʻa.Ua hoʻomaka mua ʻia kēia ʻano e ka Nobel laureate ʻo Dr. Marvin Caruthers i ka makahiki 1970 a ua hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia i nā makahiki e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka synthesis o nā kaʻina DNA.Hoʻokomo ʻia ka oligonucleotide synthesis e ka hoʻohui stepwise o nā koena nucleotide i ka 5'-terminus o ke kaulahao ulu a hiki i ka hui ʻana o ke kaʻina i makemake ʻia.Ua kapa ʻia kēlā me kēia hoʻohui ʻana he pōʻaiapili synthesis a loaʻa i ʻehā mau hopena kemika:
KaʻAnuʻu Hana 1: De-blocking (detritylation) ---------KaʻAnuʻu 2: Hoʻohui ---------KaʻAnuʻu Hana 3: Hoʻopili -----------KaʻAnuʻu 4: Oxidation
Hoʻopau hou ʻia kēia kaʻina hana no kēlā me kēia nucleotide a hiki i ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kaʻina i makemake ʻia.No nā oligonucleotides lōʻihi, pono e hana hou ʻia kēia pōʻai i nā manawa he nui e hoʻohui i ke kaʻina holoʻokoʻa. He mea koʻikoʻi ka hiki ke hoʻomalu pono i kēlā me kēia ʻanuʻu o ka pōʻaiapili synthesis i kahi synthesizer oligonucleotide.ʻO nā reagents i hoʻohana ʻia, e like me nā nucleotides a me nā mea hoʻoulu, pono ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe e hōʻoia i ka synthesis pololei a maikaʻi.Eia kekahi, koi nā synthesizers i ka hoʻomalu wela kiʻekiʻe a me nā kūlana kaiapuni ʻē aʻe e hāpai i nā hopena hoʻohui i makemake ʻia a pale i nā hopena makemake ʻole.
Ke hoʻohui piha ʻia kahi oligonucleotide, ʻoki ʻia ia mai ke kākoʻo paʻa a hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia e wehe i nā hui pale a i ʻole nā mea haumia.A laila mākaukau nā oligonucleotides i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia no nā noi i lalo.
ʻO ka holomua o ka ʻenehana i hiki ai ke hoʻomohala i nā oligonucleotide synthesizer kiʻekiʻe i hiki ke hoʻohui like i nā haneli a i ʻole mau tausani oligonucleotides.Hoʻohana kēia mau mea hana i ka ʻenehana synthesis-based microarray, hiki i nā mea noiʻi ke hana wikiwiki i nā hale waihona puke oligonucleotide nui no nā kumu noiʻi like ʻole.
I ka hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo, ʻo nā loina ma hope o nā synthesizers oligonucleotide e hoʻopuni ana i nā ʻenehana synthesis solid-phase, e pili ana i ka hoʻohui stepwise o nā nucleotides ma kahi kākoʻo paʻa.Pono ka mana pololei o ka pōʻaiapili synthesis a me nā reagents kiʻekiʻe no ka synthesis pololei a maikaʻi.He kuleana koʻikoʻi ka Oligo synthesizers i ka noiʻi DNA, e hiki ai i nā ʻepekema ke hana i nā oligonucleotides maʻamau no nā ʻano noi like ʻole, e hāʻawi ana i ka holomua i ka biotechnology a me ka noiʻi genetic.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: ʻAukake-01-2023